Kerala’s Backwaters Introduction
The Kerala Backwaters of India are one of the most stunning natural destinations in the country. Being a contrast to the fast-paced life in cities, the backwaters provide peace and relaxation for travelers. Comprised of an extensive network of interconnected lakes, rivers, canals, lagoons, and estuaries, the water system occupies an area of more than 900 kilometers.
However, unlike the majority of popular tourist destinations, where the beauty of nature is combined with some culture and historical landmarks, the backwaters of Kerala offer travelers the perfect opportunity to experience nature, culture, history, and local people’s way of life all at once. While traveling by a boat along the canals, travelers will be able to see local people fishing, traveling to school and work by boats, and performing other routine activities related to water. At the same time, Kerala is one of the top regions in terms of India tourism, and its backwaters are among the state’s most recognizable sites.
What Makes the Backwaters Special?
It should be mentioned that what makes the backwaters special is the close connection between water and people there. Usually, rivers divide regions or provide transport services. However, here, waterways act as the streets, markets, and meeting points. People’s life depends on water, and thus, it forms an interesting pattern, which tourists will not be able to find anywhere else.
Also, the landscape is always changing depending on where people are going. Sometimes, travelers are crossing large lakes with their reflections of sunsets in them. And at other moments, they will have to navigate through the narrow canals covered by coconut palms. Another element of beauty is provided by traditional houseboats, known as kettuvallams, which have become an attraction in recent times. These traditional cargo boats, originally used for the transport of rice and other goods, were turned into luxurious boats for travelers.
Understanding of Kerala Backwater System
Geographical and Ecological Aspect
The Kerala backwaters were formed due to geological and coastal changes throughout centuries. Freshwater, which was coming down from the Western Ghats, merged with salt water from the Arabian Sea forming a unique ecosystem.
In the center of the system is located Vembanad Lake, which is considered to be the largest lake in Kerala. Also, there are plenty of wetlands, mangroves, paddy fields, and coconut groves contributing to the region’s unique biodiversity. There are lots of fishes and other animals and plants thriving in the mixture of fresh and salty water.
Sometimes, travelers say that the trip through Kerala backwaters looks like floating in a giant green mosaic. Each canal has something unique to show travelers from the region’s nature. And thus, even the longest trips through the waterways will not bore travelers since each part of the route looks differently.
Historical Importance
Until now, the main function of the backwaters was to serve as a transport channel. The rice, spices, coconuts, and coir products were transported from villages through these waterways, which made the system very important to local economy.
Cargo boats, which had the same structure as the current houseboats, served as the main means of transport long before the construction of modern highways. Many villages could be reached only by boat, and thus, water was an integral part of everyday life of local population. Although nowadays, people depend less on water transport, the historical significance of the backwaters remains visible.
Today, visitors can see how the old history of the region has influenced the current appearance of the landscape.
The Best Destinations for Kerala Backwaters
Alleppey (Alappuzha)
Also known as the “Venice of the East”, Alleppey is the most recognizable starting point of backwater trips. Its numerous canals, picturesque villages, and a lot of houseboats make it the preferable starting point for inexperienced travelers.
Being the most recognized backwater destination, Alleppey will provide all the necessary things, such as houseboat cruises, canals navigation, village visits, and breathtaking sunset observations. In addition, travelers will have a wide choice of budget and luxury accommodations in Alleppey.
This destination can provide travelers with the most typical Kerala postcards – gentle swaying palm trees, boats moving slowly along the canals, and bright colors of the houses reflected in water.
Kumarakom
Situated on the shore of Vembanad Lake, Kumarakom represents a little bit more refined alternative to Alleppey. Famous for its luxurious resorts, bird sanctuary, and relaxed atmosphere, this destination will attract nature lovers, honeymooners, and other visitors looking for relaxation.
Kumarakom is especially popular among honeymooners, bird watchers, and people searching for some rest. Due to the relaxing atmosphere, this destination will help travelers to notice the subtle beauty of backwaters.
Kumarakom attracts many birds, and it is common to see migratory species around the wetlands surrounding the lake.
Kollam and Ashtamudi Lake
Another destination providing travelers with one of the most beautiful backwater trips in Kerala is the city of Kollam. The Kollam and its Ashtamudi Lake are known for the quietness and authentic atmosphere of the region.
As mentioned above, the Kollam-to-Alappuzha cruise route is considered to be one of the most picturesque cruises of India. Travelers will visit villages, mangroves, and the whole lake stretches being able to observe people’s life in this region.
Poovar Backwaters
Situated near the capital of the state, the Poovar destination is well-known for combining river, lake, sea, and beach landscapes.
The quiet atmosphere of this region will attract travelers interested in nature. The unique geography of the region will give plenty of opportunities for good photos.
Best Season to Visit Kerala Backwaters
Winter
From October to February is considered to be the best time for visiting Kerala backwaters. Favorable weather and the clear sky will give travelers the possibility to enjoy trips and cruises.
During these months, travelers will be able to spend much time on the outside deck enjoying the view. Also, in winter, travelers will have nice temperature for exploring villages and other natural objects around.
Taking into account that winter is the peak season for visiting Kerala backwaters, it is highly recommended to book houses in advance.
Monsoon
From June to September, Kerala transforms into the green paradise because of constant rains.
Although sometimes rain will disturb some trips, many people love the monsoon because of mist covering the waterways and the possibility of watching the green landscape of the region. At the same time, during this season, travelers will pay cheaper prices for the accommodation and food.
Houseboats in Kerala
Different Types of Houseboats
Nowadays, there are several types of houseboats in Kerala. Usually, they differ according to the level of comfort. However, they can be divided into three major types.
Type of Houseboat Characteristics Best For
Budget Basic amenities Visitors with low budget
Deluxe/Private Beds, private bathroom, meals Visitors with average budget
Luxurious Expensive and comfortable interior Honeymooners, wealthy travelers
Despite the development, the structure of the traditional kettuvallam has not changed much. Nowadays, the majority of boats have large bedrooms, private bathrooms, comfortable dining areas, and observation deck.
Expectations from Cruising on the Houseboats
Usually, when traveling on the houseboat, travelers are having scenic cruises, enjoying freshly prepared Kerala dishes, spending overnight there and observing the life of the villages.
It is worth mentioning that the majority of houseboats have local cooks who prepare various fish, coconut-based, and spicy dishes.
The most pleasant thing about the boat trip is sitting on the deck and watching the changing landscapes around. Here, travelers will hear not the sounds of cars but the sounds of water, birds, and the conversations of people coming from the villages.
Cost of the Trip on Houseboat
The cost of the houseboat can vary depending on the season, comfort level, and other characteristics.
Type of Houseboat Price per night
Budget ₹6,000–₹8,000
Deluxe/Private ₹10,000–₹15,000
Luxury ₹15,000–₹25,000+
During the peak season, the prices are higher than usual, while during monsoon months, there are usually discounts.
Alternative Ways to Explore Backwaters
Canoes
One of the tips for the travelers given by many experienced people is canoe rides because these boats can go where larger boats can not. It helps travelers to discover those parts of the backwaters, which are inaccessible for bigger boats.
Travelers will be able to see closer the life of the villages and will get a chance to talk to locals.
Shikaras
These are small motor boats, which can serve as a compromise between big boats and canoes.
Shikaras can be used by travelers who have not enough time to spend on the houseboat for several days. Just a few hours on this boat can give travelers many sights from the water.
Nature and Wildlife of Kerala Backwaters
Bird Watching
There are a lot of different bird species living in the Kerala backwaters. Here, it is possible to see kingfishers, herons, egrets, cormorants, and even migratory birds.
Early mornings are the best time for watching the wildlife because it gives people the chance to see how everything in the nature wakes up and starts working.
The wetlands of Kumarakom are the best place for birdwatching.
Other creatures that inhabit the Kerala backwaters are fishes, crabs, otters, etc.
Local Culture Around the Backwaters
Village Life
One of the most interesting things about visiting Kerala backwaters is the opportunity to see the life of the villages developing around the water. Contrary to the other attractions, people living there continue to live in the usual way without taking into account any tourists coming here.
One can see the process of fishing nets repair, women doing laundry near the shores of the backwaters, farmers tending the paddy fields, and even children going to schools by boat. All of these moments give the travelers a chance to learn something more about the life of people whose routine is connected with water.
Local Cuisine
Like everywhere else, food plays an important role in the backwater experience. In the region of Kerala, travelers can try various seafood, dishes with coconut, fish, rice, and different spices.
Some of the most popular dishes in the region are fish curry, karimeen pollichathu (pearl spot fish), appam, stew, and banana chips.
Sometimes, these dishes are prepared on the houseboats.
Travel Tips for First-Time Visitors
To have a good trip, it is necessary to prepare for it.
Book the boat in advance during the peak season.
Make the right choice of a boat comparing its features.
Take lightweight cotton clothes.
Apply the sunscreen and repellents.
Plan canoe or shikara rides.
Spending at least 2 days in the region is necessary to explore it thoroughly.
Remember about local rules and traditions of the backwater.
Many experienced travelers recommend to make a trip to the Kerala backwaters combining houseboat and resort visits.
Conclusion
Exploring Kerala Backwaters is not just a boat trip. The backwaters of Kerala represent the cultural landscape, where nature, history, and people’s life exist together. Various experiences including luxurious houseboat cruises, quiet canoe rides, interaction with local villages, and magnificent sunsets will provide travelers with an unforgettable memory about the trip.
Since Kerala’s tourism reaches its peaks, and the backwaters are among the most recognizable symbols of the state, now is the perfect time to explore this unique water world. No matter whether a person is a nature lover, photographer, honeymooner, family traveler or cultural explorer, Kerala backwaters will make people remember this trip forever.